The Journal of Nursing and Midwifery (JNM) is an open-access scientific journal managed by and for the academic community in the fields of nursing and midwifery. The journal's mission is to publish original research articles, systematic literature reviews, and innovative case studies that have a significant impact. The published contributions are expected to directly support the development of scientific knowledge and enhance the quality of clinical practice, education, and policy in the healthcare sector as a whole.
The Effect of Hydrogel Dressing On The Healing of Second Degree Burn Wounds at The Griya Afiat Clinic Gowa Makassar City
Luka bakar dapat menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan pada kulit yang diakibatkan oleh adanya kontak dengan api, panas, kimia, elektrik dan radiasi. Terdapat beberapa alternatif yang dapat digunakan diantaranya menggunakan Hidrogel, Hydrogel mengandung struktur polimer yang mengikat air dalam jumlah besar, menjaga luka tetap lembab dan memberikan efek dingin yang meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien dan mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka bakar terutama luka bakar derajat II. Tujuan Penelitian:Pada penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dressing hidrogel pada proses penyembuhan luka bakar. Metode : studi kasus yang menjelajahi suatu masalah atau temuan yang terperinci studi ini dilakukan pada 1 klien yaitu Tn. A dengan masalah keperawatan yaitu nyeri akut dan integritas kulit. Hasil Asuhan Keperawatan : Setelah diberikan asuhan keperawatan dengan pemberian Dressing Hidrogel selama 1x2 jam selama 2 kali pertemuan pada klien, efektif untuk penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II. Kesimpulan : Bahwa perawatan luka dengan menggunakan Dressing Hidrogel efektif untuk penyebuhan Luka Bakar Derajat II
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Improving Health Cadre Engagement through Piring Ceria Media for Stunting Prevention in Borongloe Village
Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang masih menjadi tantangan serius di Indonesia dan berdampak pada pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan kognitif, serta kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa depan. Salah satu faktor utama penyebab stunting adalah pola asuh dan pemberian makan balita yang belum sesuai dengan prinsip gizi seimbang. Di Kelurahan Borongloe, keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader kesehatan serta ibu balita dalam menyusun menu gizi seimbang masih menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya stunting. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas kader kesehatan dalam pencegahan stunting melalui penerapan media Piring Ceria sebagai alat edukasi gizi seimbang. Metode yang digunakan meliputi edukasi stunting dan gizi seimbang, pelatihan penggunaan media Piring Ceria, serta simulasi penyusunan menu harian balita berbasis pangan lokal. Kader kesehatan juga dibekali keterampilan komunikasi edukatif agar mampu menyampaikan pesan gizi secara efektif dan berkelanjutan kepada ibu balita. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan kader kesehatan dan ibu balita tentang pencegahan stunting dari 45% menjadi 85%, peningkatan keterampilan penggunaan media Piring Ceria dari 35% menjadi 90%, serta peningkatan kemampuan penyusunan menu gizi seimbang berbasis pangan lokal dari 40% menjadi 88%. Media Piring Ceria terbukti efektif sebagai sarana edukasi visual yang sederhana, aplikatif, dan mudah dipahami, sehingga mendorong perubahan perilaku dalam praktik pemberian makan balita di tingkat keluarga. Pemberdayaan kader kesehatan melalui media Piring Ceria berpotensi untuk direplikasi di wilayah lain dengan penyesuaian kearifan lokal dan ketersediaan pangan setempat, serta mendukung upaya promotif dan preventif dalam penanggulangan stunting secara berkelanjutan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
The Effect of Self-Control on Anxiety Levels Among Final-Year Students of the Bachelor of Nursing Study Program at STIKES Gunung Sari Makassar in 2025
Background: Final-year students often experience anxiety during thesis preparation due to academic pressure and graduation demands. Self-control is considered a factor that may reduce anxiety levels.Objective: To determine the effect of self-control on anxiety levels among final-year nursing students at STIKES Gunung Sari City Makassar in 2025.Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 49 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Instruments included a self-control questionnaire using a Likert scale and the HARS anxiety scale. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test (α = 0.05).Results: Most respondents had high self-control (38.8%) and mild anxiety levels (42.9%). The Spearman test showed p = 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between self-control and anxiety levels. Higher self-control is associated with lower anxiety among students.
Application of Finger Hold Therapy to Reduce Pain in Preoperative Radical Mastoidectomy Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) in the Operating Room of Labuang Baji General Hospital
Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (OMSK) often requires radical mastoidectomy as a definitive treatment due to the risk of serious complications. Patients undergoing surgery commonly experience pain and anxiety, thus requiring appropriate pain management using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. One of the non-pharmacological approaches is finger relaxation therapy.Method: This study employed a case study design involving one preoperative radical mastoidectomy patient with a pain score of 8. The finger relaxation therapy intervention was applied during the perioperative phase, accompanied by breathing relaxation education and guided independent practice.Results: After the intervention, the patient was able to independently perform the finger relaxation technique and experienced a reduction in pain intensity from a score of 8 to 7, along with decreased anxiety symptoms such as restlessness and tension.Conclusion: Finger relaxation therapy is proven to help reduce pain levels and promote calmness in patients undergoing preoperative radical mastoidectomy. This technique is simple, safe, and suitable as a complementary non-pharmacological intervention in perioperative pain management.
Copyright (c) 2025 Brader Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Health Promotion Strategies for Hypertension Prevention in Adolescents: A Literature Review
Hypertension in adolescents is increasingly becoming a public health concern in Indonesia, along with the rise in unhealthy lifestyles such as high-salt, low-fiber foods, lack of physical activity, and the increasing prevalence of obesity. Low rates of early detection exacerbate this condition, necessitating effective, evidence-based health promotion strategies. This study aims to identify, analyze, and summarize health promotion interventions proven effective in preventing hypertension in adolescents in Indonesia. The method used was a literature review with a narrative approach, through searching articles from Google Scholar, SINTA, GARUDA, DOAJ, and Neliti databases. Inclusion criteria included articles from 2022–2025 that discussed health promotion or education interventions for adolescents, with a quantitative design and pre-post data..Eight articles met the criteria and were analyzed based on four main intervention themes: (1) school-based health education, (2) interactive and digital educational media, (3) structured physical activity, and (4) health screening and early detection. The review results showed that all these strategies were consistently able to improve adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, skills, and awareness. However, the impact on long-term behavioral changes and clinical outcomes such as blood pressure was still limited. This review emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach that combines interactive education, peer cadre engagement, the use of digital and print media, physical activity, and routine screening. Recommendations include integrating this strategy into School Health Programs (UKS) and community programs, as well as developing research with more robust designs (RCTs or quasi-experimental trials) and long-term evaluations to promote sustainable adolescent hypertension prevention.
Strategies for Preventing Stunting in Children: A Literature Review
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that seriously impacts physical growth, cognitive development, and the productivity of future generations. Although its prevalence in Indonesia decreased from 30.8% in 2018 to 21.6% in 2022, this figure remains above the national target of 14% in 2024. This study aims to review and synthesize scientific evidence related to stunting prevention strategies, with a focus on the effectiveness of specific nutrition interventions, sensitive nutrition, behavioral education, and preconception and 1,000 Days of Life (HPK) approaches. The method used is a literature review with a narrative approach, through searching articles in electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, GARUDA, and SINTA, with the inclusion criteria of articles published in the 2020–2025 period and relevant to the theme of stunting prevention. From the selection results, eight articles met the criteria for further analysis. The review results indicate that specific nutrition interventions (such as micronutrient supplementation, food fortification, and improved infant and young child feeding practices), nutrition-sensitive interventions (such as improved sanitation, increased access to clean water, and family economic empowerment), behavioral education (through increased parental knowledge and support from health workers), and preconception and 1,000-day life approaches have proven effective in reducing the risk of stunting. Multisectoral approaches and cross-program integration have shown more significant results than single interventions. The review's conclusions confirm that stunting prevention requires a comprehensive, integrated, and collaborative strategy across sectors, with a primary priority on interventions from preconception through the end of the First 1,000 Days of Life.
Benson Relaxation Intervention in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Unstable Blood Glucose Levels: A Case Study
The prevalence of patients with diabetes mellitus requiring hospitalization due to unstable blood glucose levels remains high. This condition necessitates comprehensive nursing management, including non-pharmacological interventions. This study aimed to describe the application of Benson relaxation therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experiencing blood glucose instability through a nursing care approach. This study employed a case study method using the nursing process approach. The nursing assessment findings revealed that the patient complained of weakness, dry mouth, increased thirst, and elevated blood glucose levels of 374 mg/dL. The nursing diagnosis established was unstable blood glucose level related to insulin resistance. The expected nursing outcome was improved stability of blood glucose levels. The main intervention provided was hyperglycemia management, supported by dietary education, along with an innovative intervention in the form of Benson relaxation therapy administered three times daily for 10–15 minutes. Nursing implementation was carried out according to the planned nursing care over a period of three consecutive 24-hour cycles. The evaluation results indicated that the nursing care objectives were achieved, as evidenced by a reduction in weakness, improved oral moisture, decreased thirst, and an improvement in blood glucose levels to 184 mg/dL. Therefore, Benson relaxation therapy can be considered an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention for managing blood glucose instability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Stunting remains a major chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia and poses serious impacts on physical growth, cognitive development, and the future quality of human resources. One of the main contributing factors to stunting is inappropriate childcare practices and complementary feeding that do not meet the principles of balanced nutrition. In Borongloe Village, limited knowledge and skills among health cadres and mothers of toddlers in preparing balanced and nutritious meals continue to increase the risk of stunting. This community service program aimed to strengthen the capacity of health cadres in stunting prevention through the application of the Happy Plate (Piring Ceria) media as a balanced nutrition education tool. The methods included education on stunting and balanced nutrition, training on the use of the Happy Plate media, and simulation of daily toddler meal planning based on local food resources. Health cadres were also equipped with educational communication skills to ensure effective and sustainable nutrition counseling for mothers of toddlers. The results showed a significant improvement in the knowledge of health cadres and mothers regarding stunting prevention, increasing from 45% to 85%. Skills in using the Happy Plate media for nutrition education improved from 35% to 90%, while the ability to prepare balanced menus based on local food sources increased from 40% to 88%. The Happy Plate media proved to be an effective, simple, and easy-to-understand visual educational tool that encouraged positive behavioral changes in toddler feeding practices at the household level. Empowering health cadres through the Happy Plate media has strong potential for replication in other areas by adapting to local wisdom and food availability, and it supports sustainable promotive and preventive efforts in stunting reduction.
Analysis of the Quality, Challenges, and Nurses’ Needs and Readiness for the Implementation of Electronic Nursing Documentation in Provincial Hospitals of South Sulawesi
Background: Nursing documentation is an integral component of the nursing care process that serves as a professional communication tool, legal evidence, and an indicator of healthcare service quality. However, in practice, the quality of nursing documentation in hospitals still faces various challenges, including incomplete records, inconsistency with nursing process standards, and limited utilization of information technology-based documentation systems. These conditions may negatively affect service quality and patient safety. Objective: To analyze the quality of nursing documentation and identify the challenges faced by nurses in implementing nursing documentation in hospitals in South Sulawesi Province. Methods: This study employed a descriptive-analytic approach through a literature review and analysis of nursing documentation practices in hospitals in South Sulawesi Province. Data were obtained from scientific journals, research reports, and relevant sources related to nursing documentation and its influencing factors. Conclusion: The quality of nursing documentation in hospitals in South Sulawesi Province has not yet reached optimal standards and is influenced by several challenges, including high nursing workload, limited time, uneven documentation competencies, and the predominance of manual documentation systems. Efforts to improve nursing documentation quality require strengthening nurses’ competencies, enhancing managerial support, and developing sustainable electronic nursing documentation systems.
The Use of Nusymed Wound Irrigation Spray and Cutimed Sorbact in the Healing of Diabetic Wounds: A Study at ETN Centre, Makassar
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most common chronic complications experienced by patients with diabetes and are known to be difficult to heal. This condition requires proper management to minimize the risk of infection and to accelerate the healing process. This study was conducted to address this clinical need. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of modern wound care using Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (PHMB) and Cutimed Sorbact dressings in a patient, Mrs. D, who had two diabetic ulcer areas on the anterior and posterior parts of the right thigh. The wound sizes were as follows: Wound 1 measured 0.7 cm in length and 0.5 cm in width, while Wound 2 measured 5 cm in length and 2 cm in width. Methods: Wound care was performed using the modern dressing method at ETN Centre. This study employed a case study approach with direct intervention, including the use of PHMB as an antiseptic and Cutimed Sorbact as an interactive dressing to support the healing process. Results: The implementation of the intervention showed a reduction in exudate production, decreased indicators of infection, and an accelerated formation of granulation tissue in both wounds. Conclusion: The application of PHMB and Cutimed Sorbact was proven to be effective in supporting the healing of diabetic ulcers through the reduction of bacterial colonization and optimal wound moisture management.
The Effect of Hydrophobic Primary Dressing on the Healing of Grade II Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Mr. S at the ETN Center Clinic
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are serious complications in patients with diabetes mellitus that often exhibit delayed healing due to vascular impairment, neuropathy, and a high risk of infection. The use of modern wound dressings such as hydrophobic dressings offers an innovative approach through a physical mechanism that binds microorganisms without inducing antimicrobial resistance, thereby potentially accelerating the wound-healing process. Objective: To identify the effect of hydrophobic dressing as a primary dressing on the healing of grade II diabetic foot ulcers through a comprehensive nursing care approach. Methods: The study used a case study design by implementing a complete nursing care process that includes wound assessment, nursing diagnosis determination, intervention planning, action implementation, and evaluation of treatment outcomes. Wound observations were conducted serially at three time points (July 21, August 15, and August 20, 2025) using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BJWAT). Treatment procedures included wound cleansing with antiseptic soap, application of PHMB to reduce the microbial load, application of a hydrophobic dressing as a primary dressing, and use of a secondary dressing to maintain optimal wound moisture. Evaluation included measurement of wound size, percentage of granulation tissue, slough, epithelialization, exudate characteristics, and patient pain response. An educational approach was provided to support patient compliance with foot care and blood sugar control.. Results: Wound healing showed significant improvement during treatment with hydrophobic: On July 21, 2025, the wound tissue consisted of 40% slough, 60% granulation, and <25% epithelialization, with a wound area of ​​2.5 cm². On August 15, 2025, granulation increased to 90%, slough decreased to approximately 10%, and epithelialization increased to 25–<50%, with a wound size of 1 cm². On August 20, 2025, granulation reached 100%, slough 0%, epithelialization 25–<50%, and the wound size decreased to 0.08 cm². Acute pain initially reported as a scale 2 resolved within one intervention session. Conclusion: The use of hydrophobic dressing as a primary dressing in nursing care proved effective in accelerating the healing of grade II diabetic foot ulcers by improving the wound condition objectively and reducing the patient’s subjective complaints.
The Effect Of Cape Culture Oil Steam Therapy On Airways Clearance In Bronchitis Patients In Pelamonia Hospital
Bronchitis is a respiratory tract infection characterized by a productive cough, shortness of breath, and increased secretion production that can lead to ineffective airway clearance. Non-pharmacological efforts such as eucalyptus oil steam therapy can be used because the cineole content in it functions as a mucolytic, bronchodilator, and anti-inflammatory that helps thin phlegm, relieve breathing, and maintain airway moisture. To determine the effect of eucalyptus oil steam therapy on airway clearance in bronchitis patients in the Emergency Room of Pelamonia Class II Hospital. This research is a case study on 1 bronchitis patient (Ms. D) with the main nursing problem of ineffective airway clearance. The intervention given was eucalyptus oil steam inhalation therapy for 10–15 minutes once a day. This study showed an improvement in the patient's condition in the form of reduced shortness of breath, easier expectoration of phlegm, and increased oxygen saturation. In addition, there were also other nursing diagnoses such as ineffective breathing patterns and fatigue that were treated according to nursing interventions. Eucalyptus oil steam therapy can be considered as a non-pharmacological intervention that is easy, safe, and beneficial for bronchitis patients in increasing the effectiveness of airway clearance in the emergency department.
Implementation of the Pursed-Lip Breathing Technique to Improve Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Bronchial Asthma in the Emergency Room
Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway narrowing caused by hyperactivity or inflammation, which can reduce respiratory function and oxygen saturation. Non-pharmacological management such as the Pursed Lip Breathing (PLB) technique is an effective intervention to improve ventilation and reduce shortness of breath. This study aims to examine the application of the PLB technique in improving oxygen saturation in a patient with bronchial asthma in the Emergency Room. The method used was a case study involving one asthma patient, with the PLB technique performed for 40–50 minutes. Evaluation was conducted by measuring respiratory rate and oxygen saturation using an oximeter. The results showed significant improvement, including a decrease in respiratory rate from 35 breaths/minute to 30 breaths/minute and an increase in oxygen saturation from 95% to 99% after implementing the PLB technique. These findings indicate that PLB is effective in reducing shortness of breath and enhancing oxygenation in asthma patients. In conclusion, the Pursed Lip Breathing technique can serve as an evidence-based, non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help alleviate dyspnea and improve oxygen saturation in patients with bronchial asthma.
Management Glucose in Mrs. N with Hypoglycemia in the Emergency Department of Pelamonia Level II Hospital, Makassar City
Background: Hypoglycemia is a condition in which blood glucose levels are very low. Hypoglycemia is also common in type 2 diabetes, with a prevalence of 70-80%. Complications of hypoglycemia often occur due to an imbalance between insulin or oral antidiabetic medication administration and food intake, and can be fatal if not treated promptly, given that the brain relies heavily on glucose as its primary energy source. Objective: To analyze the application of hypoglycemia management interventions in one emergency case and to evaluate glucose management in stabilizing the patient's blood glucose levels. Methods: This study used a case study design on Mrs. N (43 years old), who presented to the emergency department with general weakness and a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dl. Nursing interventions focused on hypoglycemia management, specifically collaborative glucose administration, accompanied by glucose management with simple carbohydrates such as sugar water. Administer 15-20 grams of oral carbohydrate or 3-4 tablespoons of granulated sugar dissolved in 250 cc of water, then encourage the patient to sit up and give the patient a drink. Administer sugar water 15-30 minutes later, then re-monitor glucose levels. The evaluation results of the nursing diagnosis of unstable blood glucose levels related to hypoglycemia by checking the GDS after 15 minutes of glucose administration showed improvement at 80 mg/dL. Then at 5:00 PM, the blood glucose level was found to have increased to 113 mg/dL. Then at 8:00 PM, the results improved further to 123 mg/dL.Results: The results of glucose management in the first 15 minutes with the patient's GDS value increased from 60 mg/dL to 80 mg/dL, then in the next 30 minutes it increased to 113 mg/dL, and reached 123 mg/dL. Conclusion: Hypoglycemia management interventions using sugar water have been shown to be effective in improving blood glucose levels and reducing the risk of complications. This method is recommended as an evidence-based nursing practice for managing emergencies while minimizing mortality from hypoglycemia
Copyright (c) 2025 Management Glucose in Mrs. N with Hypoglycemia in the Emergency Department of Pelamonia Level II Hospital, Makassar City
The Effect Of Brandt Daroff Physical Therapy On Reducing Pain In Vertigo Patients In The Emergency Room Of Pelamonia Hospital, Makassar
Vertigo is one of the vestibular system disorders characterized by a spinning sensation, headache, nausea, vomiting, and balance disturbances that can reduce patients’ quality of life and increase the risk of falls. One of the management strategies for vertigo is the Brandt-Daroff technique, which can reduce pain and dizziness through simple exercises. This scientific paper was prepared to determine the effect of implementing the Brandt-Daroff technique on reducing pain in vertigo patients in the Emergency Room of Tk II Pelamonia Hospital, Makassar. The method used was a case study with an observational approach, interviews, and the application of nursing care to Mrs. N, a 47-year-old patient with a medical diagnosis of vertigo. Pain intensity was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the Brandt-Daroff intervention. The results showed that before the intervention, the patient complained of headache with a pain scale of 7 accompanied by spinning dizziness, weakness, and dependence on family members for daily activities. After performing the Brandt-Daroff exercises three times in each session for five minutes, the pain scale decreased to 4, dizziness complaints were reduced, and the patient reported improved comfort. It can be concluded that the application of the Brandt-Daroff technique is effective in reducing pain intensity and vertigo symptoms in patients, and thus can serve as a reference for implementation in the management of vertigo in the emergency room..
The Implementation of Early Mobilization in Post–Implant Removal Surgery Patients with Left Femur Fracture at the Surgical Unit of Labuang Baji Regional General Hospital, Makassar
Background: Femur fractures are fractures that occur in the thigh bone (femur), caused by direct or indirect trauma to the thigh area or pathological conditions such as osteoporosis. Post-surgery is the final stage of perioperative nursing, which begins when the patient is transferred to the recovery room until the patient is transferred to the inpatient room or intensive care unit. One of the main complaints of patients with femur fractures after they regain consciousness from surgery is limited movement (mobility impairment). Objective: To determine the patient's mobility before early mobilization, assess changes in the patient's mobility after early mobilization, and analyze the effect of early mobilization on the patient's mobility. Methods: This study used a case study design on a 66-year-old female patient who had undergone femur fracture implant removal and was given education and demonstrations on how to perform early mobilization after surgery. The intervention was carried out once a day for 10-15 minutes. Conclusion: Early mobilization is effective in reducing joint stiffness, accelerating healing, and increasing patient independence in activities.
Implementation of Audiovisual Distraction Techniques to Reduce Pain Levels in Pediatric Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Hospital, Makassar
Background: Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the most common diseases in children, characterized by diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain that may lead to dehydration. Pain experienced by pediatric patients often causes anxiety and discomfort; therefore, effective non-pharmacological nursing interventions are needed. Audiovisual distraction is one of the techniques used to divert the patient’s attention from pain to pleasant stimuli such as sound and moving images. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of audiovisual distraction techniques in reducing pain levels among children with AGE in the Emergency Room of Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Hospital, Makassar. Method: This case study applied the nursing process approach, including assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. The subject was a 10-year-old child diagnosed with AGE who experienced fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The audiovisual distraction intervention was given three times daily for 10–15 minutes using cartoon videos. The findings showed a reduction in pain scale from 6/10 before intervention to 2/10 after intervention, accompanied by decreased grimacing, increased comfort, and improved cooperation during care .Keywords: Acute gastroenteritis, audiovisual distraction, Pain
Wound Care Using the Absorbent Wound Healing Method for Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) at the Griya Afiat Independent Practice, Makassar
Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes mellitus, often impeding wound healing due to infection, neuropathy, and vascular impairment. Appropriate wound management is crucial to prevent wound progression and further complications such as amputation. The absorbent wound healing method particularly using Hydrofiber dressings offers an effective approach for managing wound exudate and creating an optimal wound environment conducive to healing. This study aimed to examine the effect of applying wound care using the absorbent wound healing method in DFU patients through a nursing care approach. A case study design was employed, integrating a structured nursing care process: assessment using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BJWAT), formulation of nursing diagnoses, planning of interventions based on the Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards (SIKI), implementation of wound care using Hydrofiber as the primary dressing, and evaluation of intervention outcomes over the treatment period at Griya Afiat Independent Nursing Practice in Makassar City. Results showed positive wound changes following the intervention: exudate type shifted from purulent to serosanguinous, exudate volume decreased from heavy to moderate, and healthy granulation tissue became predominant (>75% coverage), although epithelialization remained minimal and infection was not yet fully resolved. The application of the absorbent wound healing method using Hydrofiber dressings within the nursing care framework demonstrated a positive response in DFU wound healing especially in exudate management and granulation tissue stimulation yet required additional time and continued interventions to fully eradicate infection.
Optimization of Post-Curettage Patient Recovery Through Early Mobilization Based on Perioperative Protocols in the Operating Room of Dr. Tajuddin Chalid Hospital, Makassar
Curettage procedures may lead to discomfort and delayed recovery. Early mobilization plays a crucial role in restoring physiological stability, lowering postoperative complications, and enhancing patient readiness for activity. This case study presents the structured implementation of early mobilization in a post‑curettage patient. The intervention reduced pain intensity, improved mobility, and contributed positively to both physical and emotional recovery.
The Effectiveness of Combination Therapy Using Cold Pack Application and Deep Breathing Relaxation on Pain Intensity in Fracture Patients in the Emergency Department
Background: In orthopedics, fractures are considered emergency cases that require prompt and appropriate treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality. One of the management approaches for fractures is surgical intervention, and to address pain, non-pharmacological pain management techniques such as cold packs and deep breathing relaxation can be used to reduce the pain experienced by patients. The theory supporting the use of cold packs and deep breathing relaxation as therapy is one of the solutions employed in fracture management. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of cold pack compresses and deep breathing relaxation on pain intensity in fracture patients. Method: By developing a case study methodology that investigates nursing issues for patients with fractures, this type of research is descriptive. Results: This study shows that there was a decrease in pain intensity in fracture patients after administering a combination of cold pack and deep breathing relaxation therapy, as evidenced by the pain scale of patients before being given cold packs and deep breathing relaxation, which was at a level of 6, and at a level of 4 after administering a combination of cold pack and deep breathing relaxation therapy. This occurred because the combination of cold pack therapy and deep breathing relaxation can slow down the nerves and slow down the transmission of pain receptors so that fewer pain impulses reach the brain. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the implementation of cold pack and deep breathing relaxation was able to reduce pain intensity. Recommendation: It is hoped that the cold pack and deep breathing relaxation method can be implemented for patients and in emergency rooms.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness Relaxation Techniques on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients at Maccini Sawah Community Health Center
Hypertension is known as the Silent Killer because it is often asymptomatic but has a fatal risk, with a high prevalence in the elderly which can cause physical, psychological complications, and sleep disorders due to unhealthy lifestyles, while mindfulness relaxation techniques have been proven effective in reducing stress and stabilizing blood pressure through a relaxing effect on nerves and blood vessels. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness relaxation techniques in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Maccini Sawah Community Health Center. The method used is a case study on Mrs. N, a 59-year-old elderly with hypertension, including mindfulness relaxation technique interventions, healthy lifestyle education, and collaboration in administering Amlodipine 5 mg, with a three-day assessment to evaluate blood pressure, pain, and patient knowledge. The results showed a decrease in blood pressure from 167/92 mmHg to 141/80 mmHg, neck pain reduced from a scale of 5 to 2, increased knowledge about hypertension, the patient's ability to perform deep breathing relaxation independently, and reduced complaints of insomnia and anxiety. The conclusion shows that mindfulness relaxation techniques are effective in reducing blood pressure and pain in elderly hypertensive patients, and with healthy living education and pharmacological therapy, mindfulness is a safe non-pharmacological intervention to improve the quality of life of patients.
The Effectiveness of Applying Pursed Lips Breathing Technique on Increasing Oxygen Saturation in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the Emergency Department of TK II Pelamonia Hospital
Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease that remains a global health problem, including in Indonesia, which ranks second in the number of cases after India. One of the main symptoms of pulmonary TB is shortness of breath due to impaired lung ventilation, which leads to decreased oxygen saturation. Non-pharmacological efforts such as the Pursed Lips Breathing (PLB) technique have been proven to improve lung ventilation, reduce dyspnea, and increase oxygen saturation.This study used a case report design involving one pulmonary TB patient treated at the Emergency Department of Pelamonia Level II Hospital. The instruments used were a nursing observation sheet and a pulse oximeter. The intervention applied was the PLB breathing technique with a duration of 10 minutes, performed in 5–10 cycles, accompanied by an evaluation of vital signs and oxygen saturation. The results of the nursing care identified three main diagnoses: (1) ineffective airway clearance, (2) ineffective breathing pattern, and (3) acute pain. The implementation of PLB showed significant outcomes, including an increase in oxygen saturation from 85% to 93%, a decrease in respiratory rate from 28 breaths/minute to 24 breaths/minute, and a reduction in pain scale from 4 to 3. The patient also reported reduced shortness of breath and increased breathing comfort. The recommendation from this scientific paper is that PLB can be routinely performed in pulmonary TB patients as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention modification, since it can be taught to both patients and families for independent practice at home. In conclusion, the application of PLB is effective in improving oxygen saturation, enhancing patients’ breathing, and reducing pain levels.
Implementation of Benson Therapy as a Non-Pharmacological Effort to Reduce Anxiety in Uterine Myoma Patients Undergoing Myomectomy at the Central Surgery Unit of Labuang Baji Regional Hospital, Makassar
Uterine myoma is a benign tumor commonly found in women of reproductive age and may lead to various complications, including preoperative anxiety, intraoperative bleeding risk, and postoperative infection. Comprehensive nursing management is required to improve the patient’s quality of life. This case study. Objective: To describe the application of Benson relaxation therapy in reducing anxiety and providing perioperative nursing care for a patient with uterine myoma after undergoing myomectomy. Method : This study employed a case study design using the nursing process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The main intervention was Benson relaxation therapy in the preoperative phase, accompanied by close intraoperative monitoring and infection as well as respiratory complication prevention in the postoperative phase. Result : The study showed that Benson relaxation therapy helped reduce preoperative anxiety, although it was not completely resolved. Intraoperative monitoring and blood transfusion collaboration successfully controlled the risk of bleeding, while infection prevention and family education in the postoperative phase maintained the patient’s stability. Conclusion : Perioperative nursing care with Benson relaxation therapy is effective in reducing anxiety, preventing complications, and maintaining the patient’s physiological functions. These findings emphasize the importance of applying evidence-based nonpharmacological interventions in nursing practice.
Implementation of Dietary Compliance Education on Blood Glucose Stability in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Working Area of Macini Sawah Community Health Center, Makassar
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is often regarded as a silent killer because it is often unnoticed by the sufferer, and when it is realized, complications have already occurred (Data and Information Center). One important aspect in controlling DM is patient adherence to the recommended diet. Diet for DM patients is not merely food restriction, but the regulation of a balanced, regular eating pattern that matches individual caloric needs. Health education is one of the important strategies to improve dietary adherence. Planned, structured, and continuous education can increase patients' knowledge, change their attitudes, and encourage patients to adhere to a healthy eating pattern. Research Method This study is descriptive with a case study approach using interviews and lectures. The sample in this study is Mr. T, who has DM; this research was conducted over 3 days (19–August 21, 2025). Results On the first day, the GDS test showed a result of 156 mg/dL, on the second day the GDS test result was 140 mg/dL, and on the third day, the GDS test showed a result of 124 mg/dL.
Preoperative Education as an Effort to Reduce Anxiety in Patients with Neck Tumors at the Central Surgery Installation of Labuang Baji Regional Hospital, Makassar
A neck tumor is a lump in the neck area or a lump on the body. One of the treatments for tumors is surgery, specifically tumor excision. Patients scheduled for surgery often feel anxious. Therefore, one intervention that can reduce anxiety is preoperative education. A case study of one patient in the preoperative room, with an intervention consisting of preoperative education about the surgical procedure, benefits, risks, and postoperative care. Before receiving preoperative education, the patient experienced anxiety and had a low level of knowledge about the disease and surgical procedures. After receiving preoperative education, the patient was able to repeat the material provided, thereby reducing anxiety and increasing knowledge. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to strengthen the evidence of the effectiveness of this intervention. Preoperative education was proven to be effective in reducing anxiety and increasing knowledge in patients with colli tumors.
Application of Finger Grip Relaxation Therapy in Mrs. S with Recurrent Colon Tumor Undergoing Laparotomy Removal at the Central Surgery Ward of RSUD Labuang Baji, Makassar
Colon cancer is one of the gastrointestinal cancers with high morbidity and mortality rates, both globally and in Indonesia. Despite advances in surgical and adjuvant therapies, recurrent colon tumors remain a clinical challenge that often requires repeated surgical procedures. Postoperative patients commonly experience incisional pain, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, which may hinder recovery. Therefore, simple non-pharmacological interventions are needed to support pain management, one of which is finger-hold relaxation therapy. Objective: To describe the implementation of perioperative nursing care with finger-hold relaxation therapy in a patient with recurrent colon tumor mass undergoing laparotomy removal. Method: This study used a case study approach on Mrs. S, a 54-year-old female patient treated at the Central Surgical Installation of Labuang Baji Regional General Hospital, Makassar. Comprehensive nursing care was provided during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. The focus of the intervention was on nursing diagnoses of acute pain, risk of bleeding, and risk of infection. Finger-hold relaxation therapy was performed by gently holding each finger for 3–5 minutes combined with controlled breathing, along with patient education and continuous monitoring. Results: The patient showed a decrease in pain intensity from 7 to 6 on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), appeared more relaxed, less anxious, and demonstrated improved coping ability. During the course of care, no signs of bleeding or infection were observed, confirming the effectiveness of this simple intervention in supporting patient comfort. Conclusion: The application of finger-hold relaxation therapy proved to be effective, safe, and easy to implement as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pain and enhance comfort in postoperative patients. This intervention is recommended for use in perioperative nursing practice as an effort to support patient recovery.
The Implention The Implementation of Slow Stroke Back MassageIntervention on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patientsat Puskesmas Pampang
Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases that remains a public health problem with an increasing prevalence and the potential to cause cardiovascular complications. The management of hypertension can be carried out through pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, one of which is Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM).This study aims to determine the effect of SSBM intervention on reducing blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension. The research design used was a case study with the subject, Mrs. S, aged 70 years, who had hypertension with an initial average blood pressure of 137/71 mmHg. The SSBM intervention was conducted for three consecutive days with a duration of 10-15 minutes per session. The measurements showed a decrease in blood pressure after the intervention, with the average reducing to 130/71 mmHg.The patient also reported a reducation in headaches, improved sleep quality, and decreased anxiety.These findings are in line with previous studies showing that SSBM can stimulate relaxation, vasodilation, and reduce sympathetic nerve activity, thereby effectively lowering blood pressure. Thus, SSBM can be recommended as a non-pharmacological therapy to help control blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Implementation of a Combination of Warm Foot Soak Therapy and Deep Breathing Relaxation on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients at Puskesmas Pampang
society and has become a global health problem. It can lead to serious complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, kidney failure, brain damage, and even death. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of a combination of warm foot bath therapy and deep breathing relaxation on blood pressure in hypertensive patients at Pampang Public Health Center. Methods: This study employed a pre-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach. Data were collected using observation sheets and interviews. Results: The findings showed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after the intervention of combined warm foot bath therapy and deep breathing relaxation. This indicates that the intervention was effective in helping to control blood pressure. Conclusion: The combination of warm foot bath and deep breathing relaxation can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This therapy may serve as an alternative non-pharmacological intervention recommended for health services such as Public Health Centers.
Implementation of a Combination of Deep Breathing Therapy and Aromatherapy on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients in the Working Area of Puskesmas Maccini Sawah
Hypertension occurs due to excessively high blood pressure, which is caused by narrowing of the blood vessels (vasoconstriction) or blood vessel stiffness. A person is said to have hypertension if the systolic blood pressure is ≥ 140 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure is ≥ 90 mmHg. Excessive blood pressure can cause blood vessels to rupture to the brain, which can lead to stroke and even death. Non-pharmacological treatment can be an alternative management for hypertensive patients, one of which is by providing a combination of therapy (deep breathing and aromatherapy) for blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This study aims to obtain an overview of nursing care by providing a combination of therapy (deep breathing and aromatherapy) in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques are through interviews and observations. This study was conducted on one respondent. The results of the study showed that after administering a combination of therapy (deep breathing and aromatherapy) for 3 consecutive days in hypertensive patients, there was a decrease in blood pressure, from 160/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg. This intervention is very simple, can be done independently, and can be part of promotive and preventive program efforts at the primary health care level.
Implementation of the 3J Diet to Address Blood Glucose Instability in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Working Area of Puskesmas Pampang
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome associated with metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production, decreased insulin effectiveness, or a combination of both. Treatment efforts, whether in the hospital or at home, will be ineffective without family support. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease whose prevalence is increasing worldwide, in both developed and developing countries. Therefore, it can be concluded that DM has become a health problem and a global challenge for society. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the application of the 3H diet to overcome unstable blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Pampang Makassar Community Health Center work area. Research method: namely situation analysis using nursing care methods for patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus which includes assessment, determination of nursing diagnoses, actions taken (interventions), implementation, and evaluation. Results: The author's application of the 3-hour diet to diabetes mellitus patients was able to reduce blood sugar levels in Mr. A, from 390 mg/dl to 123 mg/dl. DM patients were able to implement the 3-hour diet more regularly so that they no longer experienced increased blood sugar levels. Conclusion: Based on research conducted by researchers during 2 visits to the patient's home, the following conclusions can be drawn: Mr. A obtained data from the assessment of the patient's lack of knowledge about what foods are not recommended for diabetes mellitus sufferers.